Amid growing demand for electricity and instability in the global energy market, Kazakhstan is working to create a sustainable power generation system that could fully meet the country’s needs.
The government has set itself the goal of fully supplying the economy with electricity by the first quarter of 2027 and achieving a sustainable capacity surplus by 2029, which will allow it to export surplus electricity.
According to data from the Ministry of Energy, in 2025, electricity generation amounted to 123.1 billion kWh, with consumption at 124.6 billion kWh. Over the year, the total installed capacity increased from 25.3 GW to 26.7 GW. Coal-fired power plants still account for the largest share of generation (51.4%).
The country’s energy strategy is based on the principle of diversification. Kazakhstan seeks to balance the use of its significant fossil fuel reserves with the phased development of low-carbon and environmentally cleaner technologies.
Despite the global trend towards decarbonisation, coal continues to be seen as a key element of Kazakhstan’s energy security. With reserves of around 33 billion tonnes, which at current consumption levels are sufficient for more than 300 years, this resource remains the foundation of base generation.
